Dr. Danut Cristian Urduza | Thermodynamics | Research Excellence Award
Featured Publications
Associate Professor | Purdue University | United States
Researcher at Bureau of Geological and Mining Research, BRGM, France
Bernard Sanjuan is a distinguished French scientist and recognized senior expert in geothermal energy and water geochemistry. Over the course of his career, he has dedicated himself to advancing scientific understanding and practical applications of geothermal systems, water–rock–gas interactions, and environmental geochemistry. His work spans continents, addressing both academic research and industrial development, with an emphasis on sustainable energy solutions. Through his leadership in numerous international collaborations, Sanjuan has built a global reputation as an authority on geothermal fluids, enhanced geothermal systems, and lithium-rich brines. His contributions to major European and global projects, alongside his editorial and advisory responsibilities, have significantly shaped the trajectory of geothermal science and technology. His influence is felt not only through research publications and technical reports but also through mentorship, training, and active participation in scientific committees, demonstrating his enduring commitment to advancing renewable energy resources.
Bernard Sanjuan’s academic journey reflects his deep commitment to the geosciences, beginning with advanced studies in internal geophysics, geochemistry, and earth sciences at the University of Paris 7. His early training equipped him with a solid interdisciplinary foundation, which he later expanded into highly specialized expertise in water geochemistry. His PhD, completed at the University of Paris 7 – IPGP, was a landmark study focused on the behavior of dissolved aluminum in geothermal waters. This research not only advanced understanding of aluminum mobility in complex hydrothermal environments but also laid the groundwork for multiple peer-reviewed publications. The scientific rigor and methodological innovation demonstrated in his thesis positioned Sanjuan as a rising expert capable of addressing practical challenges in geothermal energy exploration and development. Combined with advanced academic diplomas and field training, his education established a strong base that would support his lifelong contributions to geochemistry, geothermal modeling, isotope studies, and tracer applications in fluid systems.
Sanjuan’s professional career demonstrates the integration of rigorous science with applied solutions in geothermal energy and environmental geochemistry. His first major assignment was in Djibouti, where he managed a hydrochemistry laboratory and gained extensive experience in geothermal exploration within basaltic environments. These early years were instrumental in developing his applied expertise in fluid geochemistry, aquifer monitoring, and hydrothermal systems. His career reached maturity at BRGM, where he worked for more than three decades, advancing from research scientist to senior expert and later holding leadership positions within units and departments. At BRGM, he played a pivotal role in developing the Bouillante geothermal field in Guadeloupe, contributing to its transformation into a significant energy producer. His research also extended to enhanced geothermal systems in the Rhine Graben, where he investigated geochemical monitoring, tracer applications, and lithium recovery from deep geothermal brines, projects that have direct implications for Europe’s energy transition. Alongside geothermal development, Sanjuan conducted environmental geochemistry studies, providing expertise in cases of water contamination and pollution control. His leadership roles within BRGM further demonstrate his capacity to combine management with high-level research, ensuring progress both scientifically and institutionally.
Sanjuan’s research has consistently bridged the gap between geochemical science and applied geothermal energy solutions. Central to his work are high-temperature geothermal systems, enhanced geothermal systems, and geothermal lithium extraction, with particular emphasis on the chemical, isotopic, and thermodynamic characterization of fluids. He has developed methodologies to improve geothermal exploration, including the use of isotopes and chemical tracers to monitor subsurface processes. His work in the Rhine Graben is especially influential, where his studies on geothermal brines not only expanded scientific understanding but also demonstrated the feasibility of lithium recovery, positioning geothermal energy as a dual source of renewable power and critical mineral resources. Sanjuan has also been deeply involved in projects addressing geothermal resources in overseas French territories, where his studies have guided national energy strategies and supported the development of sustainable infrastructure. His research continues to contribute to global efforts in mitigating climate change by advancing cleaner, more efficient, and resource-integrated energy systems.
Title: One hydrothermal system may hide another: Insights from a geochemical exploration of Chaudes-Aigues and nearby springs (French Massif Central)
Authors: Emmy Penhoët; Bernard Sanjuan; Laurent Guillou-Frottier; Manuel Moreira; Laurent Arbaret
Summary: Geochemical exploration identified multiple hydrothermal systems at Chaudes-Aigues, enhancing understanding of reservoir interactions and geothermal energy potential.
Title: Atlas of lithium geothermal fluids in Europe
Authors: Blandine Gourcerol; Bernard Sanjuan; Romain Millot; Detlev Rettenmaier; Elodie Jeandel; Albert Genter; Clio Bosia; Aurélien Rombaut
Summary: Comprehensive atlas mapped lithium-rich geothermal fluids across Europe, providing essential geochemical data for sustainable energy and critical resource development.
Title: Reply to the Boschetti’s comments on the paper: “Lithium-rich geothermal brines in Europe: An up-date about geochemical characteristics and implications for potential Li resources”
Authors: Bernard Sanjuan; Romain Millot
Summary: Authors clarify methodological approaches and interpretations regarding lithium-rich geothermal brines, reinforcing reliability of geochemical data and resource implications.
Title: Auxiliary Chemical Geothermometers Applied to Waters from some East African Rift Areas (Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya) for Geothermal Exploration
Authors: Bernard Sanjuan
Summary: Study applied auxiliary geothermometers to East African Rift waters, improving geothermal exploration methods and revealing subsurface thermal conditions.
Title: Lithium-rich geothermal brines in Europe: An up-date about geochemical characteristics and implications for potential Li resources
Authors: Bernard Sanjuan; Blandine Gourcerol; Romain Millot; Detlev Rettenmaier; Elodie Jeandel; Aurélien Rombaut
Summary: Research updated geochemical understanding of European lithium-rich geothermal brines, assessing their potential as valuable resources for renewable energy transition.
Bernard Sanjuan’s career stands as a testament to the transformative role of geochemistry in advancing geothermal energy and sustainable development. From early work in Africa to leading research in Europe and French overseas regions, his contributions span exploration, field monitoring, resource assessment, and innovative integration of mineral recovery with energy production. His leadership in scientific committees, editorial responsibilities, and supervision of doctoral and master’s research further demonstrate his dedication to advancing both knowledge and practice. As a widely respected figure in geothermal science, his influence extends beyond academia into policymaking, industry applications, and international collaborations. By combining a strong educational foundation with decades of impactful professional experience, Sanjuan has become one of the foremost experts in his field, making him a highly deserving candidate for recognition in global scientific and energy communities.
Assistant Professor, Southern University of Science and Technology, China
Dr. Yao Lu is an accomplished scientist and Associate Professor at the School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), China. With a strong academic background and a research portfolio that spans advanced thermoelectric materials, GaN-based LED technology, and micro-thermoelectrics for on-chip thermal management, Dr. Lu has become a leading voice in the field of sustainable electronics and energy materials. His work blends academic rigor with technological innovation, resulting in impactful contributions to scientific knowledge, patented inventions, and real-world applications.
Strong Academic and Research Background
Dr. Lu possesses a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering from Tongji University and has steadily built his expertise through progressive academic and industry roles, including R&D, postdoctoral research, and tenure-track professorship.
Pioneering Research Contributions
His research in flexible thermoelectrics and micro-thermoelectric materials has led to multiple high-impact innovations. Notable is his 2023 publication in Nature Nanotechnology, one of the highest-ranking journals in the field, reflecting groundbreaking work on Bi₂Te₃ films. His work is widely cited, with individual papers garnering citations exceeding 165, signifying significant academic impact.
Independent Funding Success
Dr. Lu has secured multiple prestigious grants, including from:
China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
GuangDong Basic Research Foundation
These showcase his capability as a principal investigator and his recognition within national scientific funding systems.
Publication Quality and Volume
Dr. Lu has authored over 17 SCI-indexed publications, with many in top-tier journals like Nature Nanotechnology, Energy & Environmental Science, Materials Today Physics, and ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. Several of these are ESI Highly Cited and “Hot Papers,” highlighting both relevance and timeliness.
Dr. Lu began his academic journey with a Bachelor of Science degree in Optical Science and Technology from the University of Jinan in 2010. He continued at the same institution to obtain his Master of Science in Optics in 2012, where he deepened his understanding of photonic and optoelectronic systems. Eager to explore more advanced materials, he pursued a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering at Tongji University, which he completed in December 2019. His doctoral research laid the foundation for his pioneering work in flexible thermoelectric materials, integrating the principles of optics, semiconductors, and nanotechnology.
Dr. Lu’s professional journey began in industry, where he served as an R&D Engineer and later Supervisor at Inspur Group Co., Ltd. from 2012 to 2016. This early experience in a technology-driven industrial setting enriched his technical competencies and shaped his practical approach to research. Transitioning to academia, he joined Southern University of Science and Technology as a Postdoctoral Researcher in 2020. During this period, he contributed significantly to national research initiatives and rapidly distinguished himself as an emerging leader. In recognition of his potential, he was appointed Guest Professor at Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory in 2022. In 2024, Dr. Lu commenced his tenure-track position as Assistant Professor at SUSTech, where he continues to mentor students and lead cutting-edge research.
Dr. Lu’s research is centered on the development of advanced functional materials with a focus on flexible thermoelectrics, GaN-based light-emitting diodes, and micro-thermoelectrics for on-chip thermal management. His innovative work addresses the growing need for energy-efficient, miniaturized, and flexible electronics. By engineering high-performance thermoelectric films and composite structures, he is enabling new possibilities in wearable devices and next-generation electronics. His interdisciplinary research spans materials synthesis, device fabrication, and performance optimization, reflecting a deep understanding of both fundamental science and applied technology. His findings have laid the groundwork for more effective energy harvesting and thermal regulation systems, making his work critical to future advancements in microelectronics and sustainable technologies.
Throughout his career, Dr. Lu has been recognized for his outstanding contributions to science and innovation. In 2023, he was honored with the Dongguan Characteristic Talents Class II designation, recognizing his leadership in the field. He was named an Outstanding Postdoctoral Fellow by Southern University of Science and Technology in 2020. Earlier, he won the Excellent Report Award at the Chinese Materials Conference in 2019 and received First Prize in the 6th Shanghai College Students New Material Innovation and Creativity Competition the same year. His early promise was evident when he was named Outstanding Student of Shandong Province in 2012. These accolades are a testament to his sustained academic excellence, innovation, and dedication.
Journal: Journal of Materials Chemistry A (2024)
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA02249A
Contributors: Jie Qin, Yao Lu, Wenjing Liu, Zhangli Du, Xiang Li, Tianpeng Ding, Jianghe Feng, Yong Du, Qinfei Ke, Xin Wang
Summary:
This study presents a novel cross-dimensional compositing strategy integrating one-dimensional Ag₂Se nanowires with two-dimensional MXene nanosheets to form highly efficient flexible thermoelectric films. The synergistic interaction between the Ag₂Se and MXene phases significantly enhances electrical conductivity and optimizes carrier scattering, leading to improved thermoelectric performance. This work demonstrates a promising route for designing next-generation wearable energy devices with superior flexibility and thermal-to-electrical conversion capabilities. 💎
Journal: ChemistrySelect (Scheduled: August 12, 2024)
DOI: 10.1002/slct.202402045
Contributors: Yao Lu, Xinyue Fan, Shijie Ge
Summary:
In this innovative research, the team utilized aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescence probes to investigate hydrogen bonding behavior in polymeric materials under varying temperatures. By linking AIE-active molecules to specific functional groups within polymers, the authors successfully visualized changes in hydrogen bonding dynamics with high sensitivity. This technique provides valuable insights into the fundamental interactions within soft materials and opens new avenues for designing smart responsive polymers in sensors and actuators. 🧪
Journal: Nature Nanotechnology (2023)
DOI: 10.1038/S41565-023-01457-5
Contributors: Yao Lu, Yi Zhou, Wu Wang, Mingyuan Hu, Xiege Huang, Dasha Mao, Shan Huang, Lin Xie, Peijian Lin, Binbin Jiang, Bo Zhu, Jianghe Feng, Jinxin Shi, Qing Lou, Yating Huang, Jianmin Yang, Junhua Li, Guodong Li, Jingqi He
Summary:
This groundbreaking work introduces staggered-layer engineering to enhance the thermoelectric performance of flexible Bi₂Te₃ films. By manipulating the nanoscale layering, the researchers achieved simultaneous improvement in electrical conductivity and reduced thermal conductivity, resulting in a record-breaking ZT value for flexible films. This achievement marks a significant leap toward the commercialization of high-efficiency, flexible thermoelectric materials for energy harvesting and wearable electronics. The publication in Nature Nanotechnology highlights its transformative impact on the field.
Journal: Chemical Engineering Journal (2022)
DOI: 10.1016/J.CEJ.2022.134739
Contributors: Xiang Li, Yao Lu, Kefeng Cai, Mingyuan Gao, Yating Li, Zixing Wang, Miaomiao Wu, Ping Wei, Wenyu Zhao, Yong Du, Shuang Shen
Summary:
This article reports on the development of Ag/Ag₂Se flexible thermoelectric composite films that exhibit a remarkable power factor, surpassing previously reported values in similar materials. The incorporation of nanoscale silver provided conductive pathways while maintaining mechanical flexibility, making these composites ideal for wearable thermoelectric applications. The study offers vital insights into the optimization of metal–semiconductor interfaces and demonstrates practical application potential in low-power electronic devices. 💎
Journal: Advanced Functional Materials (2022)
DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.202106902
Contributors: Yating Li, Qing Lou, Jianmin Yang, Kefeng Cai, Ying Liu, Yiming Lu, Yang Qiu, Yao Lu, Zixing Wang, Miaomiao Wu, Yong Du, etc.
Summary:
This high-impact research article presents a unique ternary composite system combining Ag₂Se, elemental Se, and polypyrrole to achieve an ultra-high power factor for flexible thermoelectric films. The hierarchical structure allows for optimized carrier mobility, phonon scattering, and mechanical integrity, significantly improving energy conversion efficiency. This work has implications for the development of lightweight, flexible thermoelectric generators suitable for wearable and autonomous electronic devices. Published in Advanced Functional Materials, the research reflects the cutting-edge innovation of Dr. Lu and collaborators.
Dr. Yao Lu stands at the forefront of innovation in energy materials and microelectronics. His distinguished academic training, multidisciplinary research, impactful publications, patented inventions, and active scientific engagement make him a highly deserving candidate for a prestigious research award. His work not only advances the scientific community but also contributes directly to the development of sustainable and intelligent technologies for the future. Through dedication, creativity, and leadership, Dr. Lu continues to inspire the next generation of researchers and drive progress in the global scientific landscape.